Every word in Dupi is built from domains and optionally prefixed by a scale. These rules determine whether a word is valid.

Scale + domain

A scale prefix fuses directly with a domain syllable — no hyphen. This pins the domain to a specific level on its axis.

alo — a(max) + lo(attraction) = devotion
ofu — o(zero) + fu(calm) = rage
namu — na(6) + mu(joy) = pretty happy
wuge — wu(8) + ge(pain) = agony

Scale reference (0–9):

0 o zero
1 ma minimal
2 sa low
3 ta low-mid
4 me mid
5 te mid-high
6 na high
7 le very high
8 wu intense
9 a max

Compound domains

Two or more domains joined by a hyphen create a compound concept. The first domain is the head (most recognizable characteristic); each subsequent domain narrows the meaning.

ba-po — container + hard = house
ali-so — water + big = lake
du-pi-ji — communicate + knowledge + stable = law
ni-da-be — speed + distance + muscle = bicycle

Doubled domain

Repeating the same domain creates an adjacent or stressed concept — a qualitative emphasis, not a scale level. ga-ga is not "max-authority" (that would be aga scale 9); it means "this dimension, specifically — a command."

ga-ga — authority → command
lo-lo — attraction → deeply in love
ni-ni-vo — speed-stressed + do = really move
pi-pi — knowledge → story / memory

Scale + compound

A scale prefix can precede a compound. The scale applies to the first domain of the compound. The scale is separated from the compound with a hyphen: scale-domain-domain.

a-ba-po — max + container + hard = fortress
o-pi-pi-vo — zero + memory + do = forget
a-pi-pi-vo — max + memory + do = remember perfectly

Compare: o-pi-pi-vo (scale + compound) vs opi-pi-vo (fused scale+first-domain). Both are valid; the hyphenated form is clearer in writing.

Suffixes: vo, jo

vo (do) turns any domain into a verb. Without vo, the word is a state or quality.

lo-vo — attraction + do = love / attract
ni-vo — speed + do = move / go
tu-vo — communicate + do = say / tell

jo (question) appended to a domain creates a question word.

ko jo — life + question = who?
da jo — distance + question = where?
ti jo — time + question = when?

Negation: no

no negates what follows. Place it before the word being negated. no is a standalone word — it is not fused or hyphenated.

ma no ni-vo — I not go
no amu — not happy (different from omu = grief)
no lo-lo-vo — not love (negating the verb)

Names are local

Names of countries, places, people, and other proper nouns are not translated. The local word or name is used as-is. For example: "London" stays "London", not something like "wupa-go-ba" (big city).